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India’s 7,500-km-long coastline plays a vital role in the country’s economic and ecological well-being. Home to over 250 million people, coastal regions support key sectors such as fishing, tourism, and shipping while also sheltering important ecosystems, including mangroves, coral reefs, and salt marshes. These areas contribute an estimated 4% to India’s GDP, with several coastal cities emerging as major hubs for economic growth.
However, these regions face increasing vulnerability due to climate change. Rising sea levels, currently advancing at 3.3 mm annually, coupled with more frequent and intense cyclones and erosion, impacting nearly 27% of the shoreline—pose significant risks to lives, critical infrastructure, and biodiversity. Nine states and four Union Territories are directly affected, with communities already experiencing displacement and economic disruption.
The impacts are visible across India’s coastline. In Tamil Nadu, thousands of fishing villages depend on coastal resources, with events like Cyclone Tauktae in 2021 highlighting the vulnerability of livelihoods and housing. In the Sundarbans, West Bengal, declining mangrove cover has heightened exposure to storm surges, while in Gujarat’s Kutch region, salinity intrusion is affecting agriculture and livelihoods. These cases underline the growing pressure on communities, ecosystems, and the economy.
Financing adaptation is becoming increasingly urgent. Nature-based solutions, such as mangrove restoration, can significantly reduce coastal risks; however, current efforts cover only a fraction of the need. Sustainable fishing practices, improved infrastructure, and capacity building can help stabilize incomes for millions, but gaps in investment and support persist.
On the occasion of International Earth DayGlobal Green Growth Institute (GGGI) and Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) are co-hosting a webinar to explore solutions and opportunities in “Financing Adaptation for Coastal Resilience.” This session will highlight the importance of scaling nature-based solutions, addressing financing gaps, and fostering public-private collaboration to strengthen coastal resilience.
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